Liquid-sampling apparatus



Feb. 2 1926. 1,571,201

F. L.JEFFER|E$ LIQUID SAMPLING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 19, 1923 Patented Feb. 2, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDRICK L, JEFFERIES, OF RIVERSIDE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO INTERNATIONAL PATENTS DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

LIQUID-SAMPLING APPARATUS.

Application led September 19, 1923. Serial No. 663,720.

machine, and its object is to provide a novel and im roved device by which it is possible to obtain a good average and representative sample of a liquid stream by withdrawing from said stream, or a diverted portion of the same, minute quantities of the liquid at relatively frequent intervals and collecting said quantities in a suitable receptacle.

Obviously if a single sample is taken from a liquid stream for the purpose of analysis, or even if several quantities are` taken at intervals and mixed together, the sample may A not represent with any degree of accuracy the general or average properties or ingredients of the stream considered as a whole. And if a very small part of the stream is diverted through a minute orifice or duct, or

series of minute orifices or ducts, the sample obtained may represent only that portion of the stream which is diverted and which, it is possible, may differ considerably from other parts of the stream due to the subsidence of suspended particles and other variable factors. Besides this the minuteness of the orifices may screen out or hold back some ingredients besides giving trouble because of clogging.

My invention proceeds on the rinciple of first subdividing the stream lnto two parts, making one part as small as is feasible considering the character of the liquid, and then segregating from this liquor thus diverted from the main stream, a succession of very minute quantities of the liquid which are taken at intervals and collected in a suitable receptacle. In this way the volume of liquid collected may be a very small portion of the entire volume of the stream dur ing the sampling operation (in the ratio, for example, of 1 part to 10,000, which is the ratio actually o tainable by the machine as constructed) and at the same time the. liquid thus collected will be a faithful and average sample of the whole stream. The first step of the operation, namely, the division of the stream by diverting part of the same through a relatively small orifice, -is a preferred feature of the invention but will not always be necessary or desirable. The use of this expedient, and the extent to which the stream is divided, will depend upon the size of the stream sampled and its character and ingredients.

The invention is illustrated, in a preferred embodiment, in the accompanying drawing in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a liquid sampling device constructed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view with the upper part of the enclosing, casing removed.

Fig. 4 is a view, in perspective, of the oscillating device for intercepting the liquid stream, and

Fig. 5 is a detail longitudinal sectional view of the device for making the first subdivision of the stream sampled.

Referring to the drawings, 10 designates a casing consisting of lower section 11 and upper section 12. At one side the casing is provided with a compartment 13, having a door 14, for a bottle 15 or other receptacle for the sample. The lower section of the casing is formed on opposite sides with troughs 16, 17 and from the bottom o-f the casing at one end leads an outlet pipe 18.

Pivoted above the troughs 16, 17 on a rod 19 extending across the casing is a two-compartment bucket 20 comprising a bottom member 21v provided with a hinge piece 22 for mounting the bucket on rod 19, an upstanding partition 23 and triangular end pieces 24, 24.

The top section 12 of the casing is formed with a trough-like conduit 25 the delivery end 26 of which is over one of the troughs, for example, trough 16. The stream to be sampled enters lthe conduit 25`- through a pipe 27 extending .through a cap piece 28. 29 is a fractioning tube or pipe which extends through the bottom of conduit 25 d1- rectly under the pipe 27, and 1s provlded at the upper end with a fitting having a sloping top or plate 31 formed with a relatively narrow slot 32. The fitting 30 1s .fille rest of readily detachable from pipe 29 so that it can be interchanged with a fitting having a wider or narrower Slot. The fractioning pipe 29 delivers liquid into the compartments of the bucket 21 depending upon the position of the bucket.

'lihe bucket carries a sampling pipe consisting et a portion 33 aligned with and secured to the central partition 23 of the bucket and provided at its upper end with a cup 34 and .of a substantially horizontal portion 35 which extends through one of the ond walls of the bucket and through an opening`36 in the wall 37 between the main portion of the casing and the compartment in which the sample bottle is located.

j Fitted upon 'the horizontal end of the sampling pipe is a nipple 38 having a flange 39 at its outer end, the purpose of which is to cause the trickle of liquid through the sampling pipe to drop into the bottle instead ot flowing back along the under side of the nipple. 'lihe bottle compartment has an opening 40 near the. bottom leading back -into the main portion of the casing. 'lilie bottoms of trough 16 and 17 are preferably formed with ribs 4:1 which act as stops for the edges of the bucket.

The operation of the device is as follows: 'lihe stream of liquid of which a sample for analysis or for other purposes is desired, enters the conduit 25 through pipe 27 impinging upon and ilowing over the plate 31. A. portion oit the liquid, for example onetfth of the same, passes through slot 32 and down through the fractioning pipe 29. the stream iows through conduit 25 andy into the trough 16. 'lihe troughs 16 and 17 overflow along their adjacent edges, the liquid passing down into the bottom ci the casing and out through outlet pipe 13. -The liquid passing through the fractioning pipe 29 enters one of the compartirents of the tilting bucket 21. en the compartment is filled the bucket is overhalanced and is tilted from the full line posi- -tion of Fig. tto the ydotted line position or vice versa as the casemay be. The oscillating movement of the bucket, -the frequency of which will depend upon the size of the bucket and the quantity of liquid diverted by the fractioning pipe in a given unit of time, cause the cup 34 on the end of the sampling pipe 33, 35 to momentarily intcrcept the stream of liquid falling from the fractioning pipe so that for each oscillatory movement of the bucket a small quantity of liquid is removed from the stream and iowing through pipe 33, 35, enters the sample bottle 15. i

it will be observed that in tilting the j edges oi? the bucket passing into the water in the troughs 16, 17 these bodies of liquid act to cushion the movements of the bucket.

lit is my intention to cover by patent .all

one or other of inviaci modifications of the apparatus as above de- Vslotted to divert a portion of a liquid stream flowing thereover, a tilting structure pivoted beneath said fractioning pipe and having liquid compartments adapted to be filled with liquid alternately so as to overbalance said tilting structure first on o ne side and then on the other, and a sampling duct on the tilting structureJ which cuts the liquid stream from the fractioning pipe and receives a portion thereof at each oscillatory movement ot said. structure.

2. ln a liquid. sampling apparatus, the combination ot a casing having troughs on opposite sides, a two-compartment bucket pivoted in ,said casing above said troughs so as to be tilted alternately toward -the troughs, respectively, by the alternate filling of said compartments, a pipe arranged to discharge into the bucket, and a sampling I'pipe on said bucket having an upwardly projecting portion to cut the stream from the iirst named pipe and intercept portions thereof as the bucket oscilla-tes, and a substantially horizontal delivery portion for discharging the intercepted liquid.

3. ln a liquid sampling apparatus, the combination of a casing having troughs on opposite sides, a two-compartment bucket pivoted in said casing above said troughs so as to be tilted alternately toward the troughs, respectively, by thealternate filling of said compartments, a. pipe arranged to discharge into the bucket, and a sampling pipe on Said bucket having an upwardly projecting portion to cut the stream from the first named pipe and intercept portions thereof as the `bucket oscillates, and a substantially horizontal delivery portion eX- tending through the Wall otsaid casing for discharging the intercepted liquid.

4. ln liquid sampling apparatus, the combination of a casing having troughs on opposite sides, and an Aenclosure at one end for a sampling receptacle, a two-compartment bucket pivoted in said casing above said troughs so as to be tilted alternately toward the troughs, respectively, by the alternate filling of said compartments, a pipe' arranged to discharge into the bucket, and a sampling pipe on said bucket having an upwardly projecting portion to cut the stream from the first named pipe and intercept portions thereot as the bucket oscillates, and a substantially horizontal delivery portion which extends into said sample receptacle enclosure.

5. 1n a liquid sampling apparatus, the combination of a casing having troughs on opposite sides, a two-compartment bucket pivoted in said casing above said troughs so as to dip alternately into said troughs, respectively, a pipe arranged to discharge into the bucket, and a sampling pipe on said bucket having an upwardly projecting portion to cut the stream from the first named pipe and intercept portions thereof as the bucket oscillates, and a substantially horizontal delivery portion for discharging the intercepted liquid.

6. In a liquid sampling apparatus, the combination of a casing having troughs on opposite sides, a conduit in the upper part of the casing arranged to deliver into one of said troughs, a liquid inlet above the uper end of said conduit, a two-compartment bucket pivoted in said casing above said troughs so as to be tilted alternately toward the troughs, respectively, by the alternate iilling of said compartments, a pipe extending through the bottom of said conduit and arranged tov receive liquid from said inlet and to discharge the same into the bucket, and a sampling pipe on said bucket having an upwardly projecting portion to cut the liquid stream from the first named pipe, and

a substantially horizontal delivery portion for discharging the intercepted liquid.

7. In a liquid sampling apparatus, the combination of a casing having troughs on opposite sides, a conduit in the upper part of the casing arranged to deliver into one of said troughs, a liquid inlet above the upper end of said conduit, a two-compartment bucket pivoted in said casing above said troughs so as to be tilted alternately toward the troughs, respectively, by the alternate filling of said compartments, a ractioning pipe extending through the bottom of said conduit arranged to receive liquid from said inlet and having a receiving orifice of smaller cross sectional area than the cross sectional area of the pipe, and a sampling pipe onsail bugket having an upwardly projecting portion to cut the liquid stream from the firstv named pipe', and a substantially horizontal delivery portion for discharging the intercepted liquid.

8. In a liquid sampling apparatus, the combination of acasing having troughs on opposite sides, a conduit in the upper part of thecasing arranged to deliver into one of said troughs, a liquid inlet above the upper end of said conduit, a two-compartimentmy bucket pivoted in said casing above said troughs so as to be tilted alternately toward the troughs, respectively, by the alternate filling of said compartments, a fractioning' pipe extending through the bottom of said conduit arranged to receive liquid from said inlet and having a sloping slotted plate over its upper end, and a sampling pipe on said bucket having an upwardly projecting portion to cut the liquid stream from the first lnamed pipe and a substantially horizontal delivery portion for discharging the intercepted liquid. l

9. In a liquid sampling apparatus, means for discharging a continuous stream of the liquid, a pair of liquid receiving troughs,

and a tilting structure pivoted above and structure becoming submerged in the liquid l in the trough when in discharging position to cushion the tilting movement, and a sampling pipe on said tilting structure having an upwardly projecting receiving portion positioned to intercept a portion of the i stream when the structure tilts.

10. In liquid sampling apparatus, a fractioning device comprising a sloping surface upon which a stream of liquid is delivered and lwhich is slotted to divert a portion of said stream, and means for intermittently cutting the diverted stream to intercept minute portions of the same.

11. Liquid sampling apparatus compris- .ing a casing provided with a separate compartment for a sample receptacle, oppositely arranged troughs in said casing, a conduit in the upper part of the casing delivering int-o one of said troughs, an inlet pipe leading into the conduit Jfrom the top of the casing, a fractioning pipev located under said inlet pipe and provided on the top with a sloping slottedplate, a tilting twocompartment bucket arranged above said troughs and below the fractioning pipe, and a sampling pipe on said bucket provided with an upstanding portion adapted to cut the liquid stream from the'fractioning pipe and a substantially horizontal portion extending into the sample receptacle compartment.

Fannnick L. JErrERIEs. 

